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神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)和帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease, PD),其病理机制涉及氧化应激、神经炎症、线粒体功能障碍及蛋白质错误折叠等多重复杂通路，传统单靶点药物因治疗作用局限，难以实现有效干预。近年来，碱金属元素铷(Rubidium,Rb)因其多靶点神经保护活性受到广泛关注，然而现有研究分散，缺乏统一的理论框架来整合其作用机制。本文首次提出“铷-神经保护轴”假说，认为铷离子(Rb+)通过调控神经元膜电位稳态、调节多巴胺与乙酰胆碱(ACh)等神经递质系统、激活PI3K/Akt保护性信号通路、抑制小胶质细胞M1极化及氧化应激反应，形成一个整合性的多靶点神经保护网络。本文系统梳理了关键分子证据，构建了证据图谱，识别了当前研究中的知识缺口，并深入讨论了该假说在元素中药学与临床转化中的理论意义，为神经退行性疾病的治疗提供了新的研究视角与潜在策略。
Abstract：Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease(AD) and Parkinson's disease(PD), involve multiple complex pathological processes, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein misfolding. Conventional single-target drugs are often limited in their ability to effectively intervene in these multifactorial pathological processes. In recent years, rubidium(Rb), an alkali metal element, has attracted increasing attention for its potential multitarget neuroprotective effects. However, the available evidence remains fragmented, and a unified theoretical framework integrating its potential mechanisms of action is lacking. This article proposes, for the first time, the “Rubidium-Neuroprotection Axis” hypothesis, which posits that rubidium ions(Rb+) may form an integrated multitarget neuroprotective network by modulating neuronal membrane potential homeostasis, regulating neurotransmitter systems such as dopamine and acetylcholine(ACh), activating the protective PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and suppressing microglial M1 polarization and oxidative stress. The available key molecular evidence is systematically reviewed, an evidence map is constructed, and current knowledge gaps are identified. The theoretical implications of this hypothesis for elemental traditional Chinese medicine and clinical translation are further discussed. This framework provides a new perspective for investigating the potential role of rubidium in neurodegenerative diseases and may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R741
引用信息:
[1]林贤梅,杨玉婷,廖夏云,等.“铷-神经保护轴”:一个整合性科学模型的提出、证据与理论意义[J].微量元素与健康研究,2026,43(05):85-94.
基金信息:
元素中药创新与高效利用贵州省科技创新领军人才工作站(黔科合平台KXJZ[2025]045); 贵州省高层次人才培养支持工程科技创新领军人才项目(黔科协KJLYRC-[2026]042)
2026-09-30
2026-09-30