微量元素与健康研究

目的 分析贵州省习水县30～80岁居民高血压、高血糖、高血脂(简称“三高”)共病现状及影响因素，为制定“三高共管”综合干预措施提供科学依据。方法 2023年3月—7月，根据多阶段分层整群随机抽样原则，随机抽取贵州省习水县4个乡镇(街道)的16个行政村(居委会)30～80岁居民1 613人为调查对象，进行问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测，采用二分类Logistic回归分析探讨“三高”共病发生的主要影响因素。结果 贵州省习水县30～80岁居民高血压、高血糖、高血脂患病率分别为47.6%、15.6%、43.5%,“三高”共病的患病率为7.3%。二分类Logistic回归分析显示，高年龄段(与30～44岁相比，45～59岁OR=3.597,95%CI:1.273～10.164;60～80岁OR=6.145,95%CI:2.150～17.562)、超重(OR=2.409,95%CI:1.354～4.285)、肥胖(OR=2.934,95%CI:1.514～5.689)、中心性肥胖(OR=3.004,95%CI:1.754～5.145)、有糖尿病家族史(OR=2.864,95%CI:1.238～6.625)是“三高”共病的危险因素。结论 贵州省习水县30～80岁居民高血压、高血糖、高血脂及“三高”共病的患病率较高，应将45岁及以上、超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖及有糖尿病家族史的居民作为“三高共管”的重点人群。

Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of comorbidity involving hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia(collectively referred to as "three-highs") among residents aged 30～80 in Xishui County, Guizhou Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of integrated intervention strategies for the management of these chronic conditions.Methods From March to July 2023,a total of 1,613 residents aged 30～80 were selected using multistage stratified cluster random sampling from 16 administrative villages(or neighborhood committees) across four townships(or subdistricts) in Xishui County.Data were collected through questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.Binary logistic regression was employed to identify key risk factors associated with the comorbidity of the three-highs.Results The prevalence rates of hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia among the participants were 47.6%,15.6%,and 43.5%,respectively.The prevalence of three-highs comorbidity was 7.3%.Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older age(compared to 30～44 years: 45～59 years, OR=3.597,95% CI:1.273～10.164; 60～80 years, OR=6.145,95% CI:2.150～17.562),overweight status(OR=2.409,95% CI:1.354～4.285),obesity(OR=2.934,95% CI:1.514～5.689),central obesity(OR=3.004,95% CI:1.754～5.145),and a family history of diabetes(OR=2.864,95% CI:1.238～6.625) were significant risk factors for comorbidity.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and their comorbidity is relatively high among residents aged 30～80 in Xishui County.Residents aged 45 and above, those who are overweight or obese, have central obesity, or a family history of diabetes should be prioritized for integrated “three-highs” chronic disease management interventions.